592 results
Acute Kidney Injury - Differential Diagnosis Framework
PRERENAL:
 - Intrarenal vasoconstriction-hemodynamically mediated
 - Systemic vasodilation
 - Volume
Acute Kidney Injury ... Framework PRERENAL: - Intrarenal ... urinary outflow - Extrarenal ... retroperitoneal fibrosis - Intrarenal ... Acute #Kidney #Injury
Medications causing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration: Diuretics
 • Altered intrarenal autoregulation: ACEIs / ARBs,
causing Acute Kidney Injury ... Diuretics • Altered intrarenal ... cyclosporine, tacrolimus) Intrarenal ... Acute #Kidney #Injury
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
spinal artery injury ... function below injury ... below level of injury ... spinal artery injury ... below level of injury
Diagnosis of Hypokalemia - Differential Algorithm 

Categorized by Causes: Redistribution, Extrarenal Losses, Renal Losses (High and
Redistribution, Extrarenal
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Acute Kidney Injury ... hepatorenal syndrome) Intrarenal ... Acute #Kidney #Injury
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal ... Volume Status Extrarenal
Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia

Hypokalemia
- Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment
  -
bicarbonate - Extrarenal ... Hypomagnesemia - Extrarenal
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
nephropathy Extrarenal
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
access to water Extrarenal
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Bartter's syndrome Extrarenal