2269 results
Urine Microscopy and Casts - Image Atlas Key

- Squamous Epithelial Casts
- Transitional Epithelial Cells
- Renal Tubular
Microscopy and Casts ... - WBC Cast - ... RBC Cast - Fatty ... Cast - Waxy Cast ... - RTEC Cast
Fatigue and IBD Algorithm
 • 40-50% patients have fatigue despite clinical remission
 • Risk factors: BMI,
Fatigue and IBD Algorithm ... > PO FEFe Carboxymaltose ... & Fe Sucrose > ... modifications Algorithm ... #Fatigue #IBD #Algorithm
Granular & “Muddy Brown” Casts on Urine Microscopy
A. Finely granular cast B. slightly coarser granular cast
“Muddy Brown” Casts ... Finely granular cast ... coarser granular cast ... (mb) granular cast ... by a waxy (wx) cast
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
• Urinary casts ... excretion of Sodium (FE ... Injury (AKI) FE ... Necrosis (ATN) FE ... leucocyte-esterase #urine #UNa #casts
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy - Casts ... Acellular Casts ... • Hyaline Casts ... "Muddy Brown" Casts ... Cellular Casts:
Mixed Cellular Casts on Urine Microscopy

Degenerating mixed cellular cast - brightfield, unstained - from patient with
Mixed Cellular Casts ... mixed cellular cast ... #Cellular #Casts
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
Algorithmic Approach ... sterile pyuria, WBC casts ... proteinuria, granular casts ... Nephritis #AIN #Algorithm
Causes of Anemia with Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased Heme Synthesis or
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... TIBC increased - Fe ... normal/decreased - Fe ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hyperphosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transcellular Shift:
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 • Tumor Lysis
 • Metabolic or Respiratory Acidosis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Decreased Excretion FE ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift
 • Recovery From DKA
 • Refeeding Syndrome
 • Acute Respiratory
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Excretion - Renal FE ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm