29 results
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
Tertiary Lab Comparison ... Alteration in hunger ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Anatomical Differences Between Pediatric and Adult Airways 
Pediatric airway is... 
• Proportionally smaller larynx 
• Narrowest
Epiglottis is longer ... pediatrics due to short ... Adult #Airway #Comparison ... CriticalCare #Intubation #Diagnosis
Low Ankle Sprain: Pathomechanics and Clinical Findings

Grading Ligament Sprains
l: Minimal ligament disruption, mild swelling & tenderness,
LowAnkleSprain #Sports ... #MSK #orthopedics ... Grading #Grades #Diagnosis ... #pathophysiology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
lesions in the inner ... -> Cotton-wool Spots ... -> Elschnig's Spots ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
Exudates • Nerve fiber ... -> Cotton-wool spots ... of VEGF causing fine ... ophthalmology #diagnosis ... complications #pathophysiology
Greater Trochanteric Bursa Injection 

Usually roll patient on side, find the most tender spot, approximately an
the most tender spot ... injection lasts longer ... video #procedure #rheumatology ... #sports #msk #orthopedics
Perilunate Dislocation
On lateral wrist XR, the capitate ("apple") should sit in the lunate ("tea cup") which
dorsally and no longer ... Radiology #XRay #Diagnosis ... #Orthopedics #Sports ... #MSK
TRALI vs TACO - Transfusion Reactions
TRALI:
 • Epidemiology: 0.1% of transfused patientsl
 • Risk factors: Critical
blood donor • Pathophysiology ... transfusion • Pathophysiology ... Transfusion #Reactions #hematology ... #diagnosis #comparison
Cold Urticaria
Prevalence - 0.05% in the population
Disease onset - Mostly 2nd to 4th decades of life
Causes
within one hour or longer ... Disorientation, vertigo Diagnostic ... Cold #Urticaria #diagnosis ... #rheumatology # ... comparison #table
CHA2DS2VASc vs HAS-BLED scores for stroke risk and bleed risk on anticoagulation

C	Congestive Heart Failure	1

H	Hypertension	1

A2	Age >75	2

D	Diabetes Mellitus	1

S2	Stroke,
CHA2DS2VASc vs HAS-BLED scores ... CHADS2VASc #HASBLED #Comparison ... Anticoagulation #AFib #Diagnosis ... #Hematology