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Summary of Agents Potentially Contributing to False Positives on Urine Drug Screens (UDS)
Marijuana Metabolites
 • dronabinol,
Contributing to False Positives ... levofloxacin, ofloxacin, poppy ... seeds, poppy oil ... Rate of False Positives ... result in false positives
Medications that Can Cause False Positives on Drug Tests

Urine drug screens (UDSs) are simple to use,
Can Cause False Positives ... yielding false-positive ... can cause false positives ... Amphetamine false positives ... (Benadryl) • Poppy
Important Biostatistics and Epidemiology Equations

Sensitivity = TP / (TP + FN) = true positives / disease
TP + FN) = true positives ... disease absent Positive ... TP + FP) = true positives ... / all positives ... all negatives Positive
Vancomycin and Dalbavancin (lipoglycopeptide antibiotics) - Antibiotics Class Overview

Mechanism: Glycopeptide -  inhibits cell wall synthesis
synthesis in Gram positives ... Spectrum: gram positive ... or proven gram positive ... choice for gram positive
False Positive Urine Drug Screens
Amphetamines - Amantadine, brompheniramine. bupropion, chlorpromazine, desipramine, ephedrine, isometheptene, isoxsuprine, labetalol, phentermine,
False Positive Urine ... fluoroquinolones, poppy ... quetiapine #False #Positive
Jugular Venous Pressure Measurement
Examiner places the patient in a reclined position and puts the base of
in a reclined position ... Positive: JVP >
Cephalosporins 
Cephalosporins are bactericidal beta-lactam antibiotics derived from the fungus Acremonlum— they disrupt peptidoglycan formation in
active against gram-positives ... with reduced gram-positive
Diagnostic Algorithm for Dizziness and Vertigo
Peripheral Vertigo:
 • Attacks: Sudden, severe, can last anywhere from seconds
worsen with head position ... Positive Hallpike ... vestibular neuritis); positive ... Positive head impulse
Abnormal (Positive, Upgoing) Babinski Sign on Physical Exam

#Abnormal #Positive #Babinski #Sign #PhysicalExam #clinical #video #reflex #pyramidal
Abnormal (Positive ... #Abnormal #Positive
Positive and Negative Likelihood Ratios Calculations
#Diagnosis #Likelihood #Ratios #LR #Calculations #Equations #Positive #Negative
Positive and Negative ... Calculations #Equations #Positive