10 results
Patterns of pulmonary dysfunction revealed by flow-volume loops. For comparison, a normal loop is shown with
by flow-volume loops ... comparison, a normal loop ... #Diagnosis #PFTs ... #Spirometry #FlowVolume ... #Loops #Patterns
Flow Volume Loops - Common Patterns
A. Normal
B. Emphysema
C. Unilateral Main Stem Bronchial Obstruction
D. Fixed Upper Airway
Flow Volume Loops ... - Common Patterns ... #Diagnosis #PFTs ... #Spirometry #FlowVolume ... #Loops #Patterns
Pulmonary Function Testing: Flow Volume Loop Patterns
 • Variable extra-thoracic obstruction - truncated or flattened inspiratory
Testing: Flow Volume Loop ... Patterns • Variable ... nickmmark #FlowVolume ... #Loops #pulmonary ... #PFTs #patterns
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... secreting tumor, Primary ... • HTN Absent: Loop ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Urinary Chloride ... Remote use of loop ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #urinary
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
inhibitors - Primary ... Medications - Loop ... Low #Magnesium #Table ... Classification #Causes
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
S/Sx: Most pts ... only if no clear cause ... Elimination (see Table ... Diuretics (IV loop ... acetazolamide) - IV loop
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary ... Chloride Algorithm ... Remote use of loop ... the indicated causes ... Chloride #urine #Algorithm
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
+2Cl- Symport (Loop ... Kidney stones caused ... kidney disease • Primary ... insipidus • Primary ... #Medications #Table
Algorithm for Diagnosis and Management of Resistant Hypertension in CKD
Pseudoresistant Hypertension - Reduce barriers to adherence:
Algorithm for Diagnosis ... Screen for primary ... Consider other causes ... Add loop diuretic ... Hypertension #CKD #Algorithm