36 results
Patterns of pulmonary dysfunction revealed by flow-volume loops. For comparison, a normal loop is shown with
Diagnosis #PFTs #Spirometry ... #FlowVolume #Loops
Flow Volume Loops - Common Patterns
A. Normal
B. Emphysema
C. Unilateral Main Stem Bronchial Obstruction
D. Fixed Upper Airway
Diagnosis #PFTs #Spirometry ... #FlowVolume #Loops
Pathophysiology of The Nephron - Electrolyte and Water Exchange

The nephron — electrolyte and water exchange. 
180
Pathophysiology ... of sodium per day ... of sodium per day ... #Pathophysiology
Homemade Incentive Spirometer
Materials:
 - Water Bottle
 - Ziplock bag 
 - Tape
 - Water

by Dr. Rivero
Homemade Incentive Spirometer ... Soto #Incentive #Spirometer ... #DIY #homemade
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Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors(SNRIs): Mechanisms and Side Effects

Withdrawal: Dizziness, Diarrhea, Insomnia, Nausea, Vomiting
Serotonin Syndrome - Potentially Life
Constipation, Dry ... SerotoninNorepinephrine #Inhibitors #Pathophysiology
Pathyophysiology - hyperglycemic crises in patients with diabetes 
Key signs/symptoms of HHS/DKA:
Both: Polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss,
Pathyophysiology ... , hypovolemia (dry
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): Extra-articular manifestations
Skin: 
 • Inflammation of skin (esp. over areas of stress) forms
tear glands -> Dry ... salivary glands -> Dry ... -> Dyspnea + dry ... RheumatoidArthritis #RA #pathophysiology
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Overview

Increased Clotting and Consumption of Clotting Factors

Findings:
 • Bleeding
 • Recent history
Intravascular Coagulation (DIC ... protein C and S Pathophysiology ... Manifestations of DIC ... MAHA: TTP/HUS > DIC ... for bleeding #DIC
Primary Sjogren’s Syndrome: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
• Primary Sjögren's is a solitary process whereas secondary Sjögren's
Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (Dry ... -> Xerostomia (Dry ... -> Xeroderma (Dry ... Sjogrens #Syndrome #Pathophysiology
Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy (AFLP)
Pathophysiology:
 • Defect in fetal free fatty acid metabolism products →
Pregnancy (AFLP) Pathophysiology ... rapidly develops (DIC ... diagnosis #management #pathophysiology