25 results
Patterns of pulmonary dysfunction revealed by flow-volume loops. For comparison, a normal loop is shown with
by flow-volume loops ... comparison, a normal ... Diagnosis #PFTs #Spirometry ... #FlowVolume #Loops ... Patterns #Comparison #Normal
Flow Volume Loops - Common Patterns
A. Normal
B. Emphysema
C. Unilateral Main Stem Bronchial Obstruction
D. Fixed Upper Airway
Flow Volume Loops ... Normal B. ... Diagnosis #PFTs #Spirometry ... #FlowVolume #Loops
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Workup of Hypercalcemia ... Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia ... calcitriol induced hypercalcemia ... Infantile idiopathic hypercalcemia ... @aishaikh #Hypercalcemia
Typical ECG changes associated with hyperkalemia. 
→ Peaked T wave
→ Wide PR interval, Wide QRS duration,
Typical ECG changes associated ... with hyperkalemia ... As such, a normal ... experience sudden hyperkalemic ... #hyperkalemia #ECG
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Hypercalcemia - ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Elevated PTH (High or normal ... Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia ... Thiazides/Lithium #Hypercalcemia
Hyperkalemia management algorithm 2023-2024 based on UKKA and KDIGO guidelines.

#hyperkalemia #electrolytes #algorithm #emergency #management

Notes:

(1) Up to
Hyperkalemia management ... #hyperkalemia #electrolytes ... Up to half of hyperkalemia ... patients with extreme hyperkalemia ... for refractory hyperkalemia
Treatment algorithm for malignancy-associated hypercalcemia.
Hypercalcemia
 - Renal Failure → Dialysis with low Ca++ bath
Aggressive IV hydration
Treatment algorithm ... hypercalcemia. ... Hypercalcemia - ... Volume Overload → Loop ... #hypercalcemia
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... algorithm Decreased ... Nephropathy Renin Normal ... • Type 1 #Hyperkalemia ... #Diagnosis #algorithm
Treatment algorithm for malignancy-associated hypercalcemia
 • Aggressive IV hydration
 • IV Bisphosphonate +/- Calcitonin
 • Renal
Treatment algorithm ... for malignancy-associated ... hypercalcemia ... Volume overload: Loop ... Denosumab #hypercalcemia
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
• LDH ↑ • Hyperkalemia ... /Late - Hypercalcemia ... Heme associated ... Loop diuretics for ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia