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diagnosis hemolytic management oncology algorithm cll extravascular intravascular leukemia lymphocytic thrombocytosis workup agglutinin antibody atlas bloodcell classification common cvid disease
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes Intravascular Hemolysis: • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
microangiopathy: Thrombotic thrombocytopenic ... (AIHA)"Cold" (usually ... lymphoproliferative disorders ... #differential # ... diagnosis #hematology
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis -
- Differential ... • Cold AIHA ... • Alloimmune ... anemia • ... #Hematology
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 1) DIAGNOSE AIHA • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes •
Hemolytic Anemia ... • Blood smear: Differential ... 2) LOOK FOR a cause ... #Hemolytic #Anemia ... #rheumatology
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Spurious: • Artifact (redo CBC) Autonomous: • Essential thrombocytosis • Polycythemia
• Rheumatic disorders ... effect following treatment ... following EtOH induced thrombocytopenia ... Iron deficiency anemia ... #Hematology
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) - Summary Overview: • Most common leukemia in adults • Disorder of
Chronic Lymphocytic ... leukemia in adults • Disorder ... Infection due to hypogammaglobulinemia ... AIHA, PRCA) • Treatment ... Leukemia #oncology #hematology
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis Secondary Thrombocytosis (a.k.a Reactive Thrombocytosis): • Acute infection • Solid organ
malignancies • Anemia ... iron deficiency, hemolysis ... inflammatory disorders ... (e.g. autoimmune ... #hematology #secondary
Cold Agglutinin Disease 3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies: 1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD) 2. Donath-Landsteiner
women • 15% of AIHA ... Viral infection, autoimmune ... anemia • Cold ... younger pts) Differential ... #anemia #hematology
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... Agglutination - Cold ... elliptocytosis, autoimmune ... #Anemia #Differential ... Algorithm #workup #hematology
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Unstable hemoglobin disorders ... hemolytic anemia ... autoimmune hemolytic ... RBC #Morphology #differential ... #diagnosis #hematology
Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) What? CVID: Immunodeficiency disorder with hypogammaglobulinemia -> increased infection risk secondary to impaired B-cell
Immunodeficiency disorder ... specifically immune thrombocytopenia ... hemolytic anemia ... DDX - Other causes ... #immunology #hematology
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