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diagnosis differential hematology algorithm folicacid nutrition deficiency mcv aafp ascorbicacid atlas bloodcell causes cirrhosis classification decrease dm2 elevation false hba1c
Folic acid is a synthetic member of the folate (Vitamin B9) family, a group of chemically
member of the folate ... Dietary folates ... released into circulation ... Overview #Review #Folate ... #VitaminB9
Algorithm for the evaluation of macrocytic anemia. (RBC = red blood cell; MMA = methylmalonic acid.) Physicians
of macrocytic anemia ... Hemorrhage or hemolysis ... elevated, but anemia ... but undiagnosed, folate ... #VitaminB12 #Folate
Reticulocyte Production Index = (Retic %) x (Hct / 45) / Maturation Factor The maturation factor is
Index < 2: • Anemia ... , Vitamin B12, Folate ... Retroperitoneal, Uterine • Hemolysis ... Microangiopathic hemolytic ... differential #diagnosis #calculation
Etiologies of Folate Deficiency • Decreased dietary intake - uncommon in this era • Increased requirements
Etiologies of Folate ... pregnant have hemolytic ... anemia, or psoriasis ... underlying mild folate ... In addition, folate
Algorithmic Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework by MCV Microcytic (MCV < 80) "TAILS": • Thalassemia
Algorithmic Approach to Anemia ... Sideroblastic anemia ... -100): • Non-hemolytic ... , CKD • Hemolytic ... Megaloblastic: Folate
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c == False Elevation == Decreased RBC turnover • Iron, B-12,
Iron, B-12, or folate ... Hypertriglyceridemia • Uremia ... blood loss • Hemolytic ... anemia • Splenomegaly
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Iron deficiency anemia ... Vitamin B12 or Folate ... Microangiopathic Hemolytic ... spherocytosis, Autoimmune hemolytic ... Cold autoimmune hemolytic
Causes of Anemia by Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (<80
Causes of Anemia ... Poisoning • Anemia ... • Bleeding • Hemolysis ... Marrow Failure • Anemia ... Deficiency • Folate
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Congenital Diseases: • GATA2 deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia • Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome • Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy Cancer: • Leukemia • Lymphoma Inflammatory
deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia ... Antibody-mediated hemolysis ... Vitamin B12 • Folate
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States Fat-soluble Vitamins: • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
• Vitamin E - Haemolytic ... anaemia, ataxia ... paraesthesiae • Folate ... - Anaemia, neural ... Vitamin B12 - Anaemia
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