19 results
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
Syndrome Step ... /nephritic syndromes ... hematuria (RBC casts ... #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
and Nephrotic Syndromes ... Nephritic syndrome—due ... podocyte damage from ... #Nephrotic #Syndromes ... #Diagnosis
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
nonspecific, result from ... tubulointerstitial nephritis ... tuberculosis Fatty - Nephrotic ... syndrome ("Maltese ... Differential #Microscopy #Diagnosis
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Syndrome ... Malignancy True hypovolemia ... Cirrhosis • Nephrotic ... syndrome • Reduced
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Syndrome ... Malignancy True hypovolemia ... Cirrhosis • Nephrotic ... syndrome • Reduced
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
suggestive of nephrotic ... sydnrome • Pigment ... Believed to be from ... Urine #Microscopy #nephrology ... interpretation #diagnosis
Algorithm for Differentiating Gitelman syndrome from Bartter syndrome
 • Urine Chloride
 • Urine Ca/Cr ratio

Dr. Krithika
Algorithm for Differentiating ... from Bartter syndrome ... #Bartter #Algorithm ... #nephrology #hypokalemia ... #diagnosis
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
common culprits: Hypovolemia ... Urinary obstruction, Nephrotoxic ... PROBLEM ~80% of AKI cases ... you confirmed diagnosis ... for WBCs, RBCs, casts
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Hypovolemia ... Hypovolemia, UNa ... , UNa < 20 • Nephrotic ... #nephrology
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Low and High Phosphate
LOW PHOSPHATE
 - Low/NormaI PTH
Hypocalcemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Malabsorption, Phenytoin, Nephrotic ... Syndrome, Hepatobiliary ... #endocrinology