27 results
Liver Function Test (LFTs) Elevation
AST - Cardiac and skeletal muscle, kidney, brain
ALT - More specific for
Liver Function Test ... (LFTs) Elevation ... specific for the liver ... #FunctionTest # ... LFTs #Elevation
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
Differential Diagnosis ... history (cardiac, liver ... #Hyponatremia #Hypovolemic ... #Euvolemic #Hypervolemic ... Pseudohyponatremia #Differential
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Dependent: • Hypovolemic ... • Hypervolemic ... Heart failure, liver ... #Hyponatremia #Differential
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Elevation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

ALP:
 - Enzymes that catalyze hydrolysis of organic phosphate
Phosphatase (ALP) Elevation ... - Differential ... disturbance (obstructed liver ... Highest • Bone • Liver ... #Differential #
Liver Enzymes (LFTs) - Causes of Hepatocellular and Cholestatic Liver Injury
Hepatocellular Liver Injury
 • AST/ALT elevation
Liver Enzymes (LFTs ... and Cholestatic Liver ... Hepatocellular Liver ... Injury • AST/ALT elevation ... Transaminitis #diagnosis #differential
Shock Types and Classification
DISTRIBUTIVE 66%
 • Sepsis/SIRS, anaphylaxis, adrenal insufficiency, liver failure, toxins, spinal/neurogenic
 • Warm
insufficiency, liver ... Warm and Dry HYPOVOLEMIC ... Classification #diagnosis #differential
Liver Chemistries - Interpretation of LFTs

R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ALP)
 • R >
Liver Chemistries ... Bilirubin - +/- elevation ... or amyloid: • Elevation ... Enzyme Elevation ... chemistry #diagnosis #differential
Liver Disease in Pregnancy
Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy (ICP)
 • Onset/Trimester: 25-32 weeks
 • Typical clinical features:
Liver Disease in ... to 10-20-fold elevation ... Hemolysis, Elevated Liver ... to 10-20-fold elevation ... hepatitis #comparison #differential
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
Acute Liver Injury ... - Differential ... Bilirubin - +/- elevation ... Enzyme Elevation ... injury #hepatitis #differential
Shock Classification and Differential Diagnosis
SHOCK
 • MAP <65, SBP <90, drop in SBP > 40
 •
Classification and Differential ... Insufficiency, Liver ... Cardiac Tamponade Hypovolemic ... Classification #Differential