16 results
Liver Function Test (LFTs) Elevation
AST - Cardiac and skeletal muscle, kidney, brain
ALT - More specific for
Liver Function Test ... specific for the liver ... SinaiBmoreIMRes #Liver ... #FunctionTest #
Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy (AFLP)
Pathophysiology:
 • Defect in fetal free fatty acid metabolism products →
Acute Fatty Liver ... Pregnancy (AFLP) Pathophysiology ... hepatocytes → Liver ... = nonspecific (nausea ... diagnosis #management #pathophysiology
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
Occurs in advanced liver ... hepatitis, or acute liver ... • Caused by splanchnic ... Pathophysiology: ... Exclude other AKI causes
Lipoprotein Metabolism

Enterocytes release absorbed lipids the form of triglyceride-rich chylomicrons. These are acted upon by endothelial
transported to liver ... The liver uses this ... return to the liver ... Cholesterol #Metabolism #Pathophysiology
Schematic representation of the major sources of ammonia production and its excretory pathway (GI = gastrointestinal,
although hepatic causes ... namely, the many causes ... decompensated liver ... many non-hepatic causes ... deficiency #Ammonia #Pathophysiology
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Muscles, Kidneys, Liver ... Rhabdomyolysis - AKI - Liver ... Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... tissue damage (AKI, Liver ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Venous Thrombosis vs Arterial Thrombosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

VENOUS THROMBOSIS

 • Acquired Risk Factors:
	- >48 hours
Syndrome, Ischemic Liver ... considered in all cases ... coagulation and other causes ... Venous #Arterial #pathophysiology
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
countries (11-24 cases ... Americans (18-71 cases ... survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... symptoms are not caused ... heart (2-5%), liver
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Overview

Increased Clotting and Consumption of Clotting Factors

Findings:
 • Bleeding
 • Recent history
protein C and S Pathophysiology ... DIC • Severe Liver ... Treat primary cause ... Coagulation #diagnosis #causes
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... intralobular bile ducts causes ... cholestasis → Cirrhosis/Liver ... or higher • Liver