23 results
Arthrocentesis - Synovial Fluid Analysis
Normal < 150 WBC, Colorless/Straw color, High Viscosity
Noninflammatory < 3,000 WBC, Straw/yellow
Synovial Fluid Analysis ... Colorless/Straw color, High ... /yellow color, High ... Yellow color, Low ... #interpretation
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... Hypokalemic periodic paralysis ... hypokalemia #urine #potassium ... #differential #algorithm
Management of Pediatric Kidney Stones
Acute Managment:
 • Pain relief: NSAIDs, opioids
 • Facilitating passage of stone:
send for stone analysis ... ALL patients - High ... protein - Low ... Bone Xrays - Dialysis ... alkalinisation: potassium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypokalemic periodic paralysis ... vomiting) • Low ... #nephrology #low ... #potassium
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... arrhythmias and paralysis ... urinary losses: • High ... consumption • Low ... #nephrology #low
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Normal Acid-Base: Low ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium
Thyrotoxic Periodic Paralysis - Illness Script
 • Epidemiology: Asian men age 20-30 with hyperthyroidism of any
exercise, fasting, high-carb ... Hypokalemia +/- low ... TSH with high fT4 ... : Potassium and ... hyperthyroidism, Potassium
Approach to Thyroid Function Tests in the Evaluation of Hyperthyroidism
 • Low TSH, Low normal T4
Low TSH, high ... Uptake & Scan • High ... or normal TSH, high ... Hyperthyroidism #algorithm ... endocrinology #TFTs #TSH #Interpretation
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypertensive: • High ... aldosteronism • High ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #potassium
Knee Effusions - Arthrocentesis Interpretation

Inflammatory arthritis:
 • Color: Yellow-> Green
 • Clarity: Opaque
 • Viscosity: Low
Arthrocentesis Interpretation ... • Viscosity: Low ... • Viscosity: High ... RBC's Crystal analysis ... #joint #fluid #analysis