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syndrome causes associated cauda caudaequina cns dementia disorder diuresis diuretics equina excretion guillain guillainbarre hand hyperkalemia hyponatremia immune infections infectiousdiseases
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness Epidemiology: • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Summary Acute AIDP ... Epidemiology: • 1-2 cases ... • Weakness: Starts ... #management #treatment ... #neurology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections: •
/ AIDS - Differential ... present in 15% of cases ... altered mental status ... diagnosis #AIDS ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by: • Headache • Seizures • Altered mental
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy ... may precede the neurologic ... Reversible course Differential ... • Treatment of ... #management #neurology
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND) Definition: HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories: • Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment • Mild neurocognitive impairment • HIV dementia Pathophysiology: HIV frequently
CNS in the early stages ... HIV Encephalopathy ... Diagnosis: MRI ... disorder #dementia #AIDS ... #Neurology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... vast majority of cases ... Assess volume status ... #Diagnosis #Treatment ... #management #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
irrigation • Management ... caused by Ca2+ ... Heart Association class ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary Causes of Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma: - Immobilization - Crush injury - Compartment
Summary Causes ... Infection - Viral (HIV ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #causes #treatment ... #nephrology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview Cauda Equina Syndrome: • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr •
- Emergency Causes ... cord infarct • HIV ... cord • Guillain-Barre ... #diagnosis #causes ... #neurology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
test (only if no clear ... cause) Management ... Optimize volume status ... #Management #Treatment ... #potassium #nephrology
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome - Overview of IRIS What Is IRIS? • A state of hyperinflammatory response that
• A state of hyperinflammatory ... of HIV/AIDS patients ... patients starting ... albicans • Epstein Barr ... #Diagnosis #Management
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