15 results
Traditionally, congestive heart failure has been classified according to severity of symptoms, first formulated by the
Traditionally, congestive ... system to circulate blood ... flare ups that cause ... #Staging #Classification ... #NYHA #ACCAHA
Stages in the development of HF and recommended therapy by stage. ACEI indicates angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor;
development of HF ... ejection fraction; GDMT ... #CHF #Congestive ... #HeartFailure #Staging ... #Stages #ACCAHA
STAGES of CHF (A, B, C, D), however, describe the severity of structural abnormalities that impair
system to circulate blood ... flare ups that cause ... #Congestive #HeartFailure ... #Staging #Stages ... #ACCAHA #Algorithm
Shock Classification and Differential Diagnosis
SHOCK
 • MAP <65, SBP <90, drop in SBP > 40
 •
Distributive: • High ... Medications, Spinal Cord Injury ... Decompensated CHF ... 6, CVP < 8 • Blood ... Losses, Third Spacing
In order to better classify heart failure, the American College of Cardiology Foundation and the American
four-component staging ... Diagnosis #Cardiology #CHF ... #Congestive #HeartFailure ... #Staging #Classification ... #NYHA #ACCAHA
Shock - Differential Diagnosis Framework
 - MAP <65. SBP <90, drop in SBP > 40
 -
Lactate > 1.5 High ... Medications, Spinal Cord Injury ... Decompensated CHF ... • Hypovolemic: Blood ... Losses, Third Spacing
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... • Trauma/Crush injury ... • Blood transfusion ... Digoxin • K sparing ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Loop Diuretics; High-Ceiling ... Kidney stones caused ... Epithelial Channels (K+ Sparing ... Antagonists, K+ Sparing ... Prevention of blood
Aortic Dissection Pearls
Aortic dissection is caused by a tear in the tunica intima, the innermost layer
dissection is caused ... Tearing/sharp/stabbing ... Assess for high ... associations: • Connective ... ~60 • Control blood
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... • Trauma/Crush injury ... • Blood transfusion ... Digoxin • K sparing ... differential #diagnosis #causes