403 results
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency ... • Common Causes ... wt loss • If anemia ... parasthesias, gait ... B12 #Cobalamin #Deficiency
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
• Vitamin C deficiency ... • Pernicious anemia ... /B12 deficiency ... ) - Waddling gait ... Phosphatase: • Other causes
Causes of Anemia by Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (<80
Causes of Anemia ... 80 fL) • Iron Deficiency ... 100 fL) • B12 Deficiency ... • Folate Deficiency ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Criss-Cross Gait on Physical Exam 

Seen in Glucose Transporter type 1 Deficiency Syndrome

#CrissCross #Criss #Cross #Gait
Criss-Cross Gait ... Transporter type 1 Deficiency ... #Criss #Cross #Gait ... neurology #GLUT1 #deficiency
Causes of Vitamin B12 Deficiency - Cobalamin
Decreased Intake
Pancreas: Insufficiency
Intestine: SIBO, Celiac disease, IBD, Lymphoma, Amyloidosis, Resection,
Causes of Vitamin ... B12 Deficiency ... Stomach: Pernicious anemia ... #Vitamin #B12 #Deficiency ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Causes of Anemia with Normal Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased WBCs
 - Decreased/NormaI
Causes of Anemia ... Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemias ... • Early Iron Deficiency ... #Normocytic #Anemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency ... Thalassemia, Iron deficiency ... B12 or Folate deficiency ... Cell RBC: G6PD deficiency ... elliptocytosis, Severe iron deficiency
Diagnostic Framework for Anemia (Morphological Approach - MCV)
Low MCV - <80fL - "Microcytic"
 • Iron deficiency
Framework for Anemia ... Microcytic" • Iron deficiency ... Megaloblastic: Vitamin B12 deficiency ... , Folate deficiency ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Gastrointestinal Causes of Iron Deficiency Anemia
 • Mass lesions: Carcinoma, Large polyps
 • Inflammatory: Reflux esophagitis,
Gastrointestinal Causes ... of Iron Deficiency ... Anemia • Mass ... Gastrointestinal #Iron #Deficiency ... #Anemia #Causes
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology Atlas
 • Microcytic - Iron-deficiency anemia, Thalassemia, Sideroblastic anemia, Lead poisoning
Microcytic - Iron-deficiency ... anemia, Thalassemia ... Thalassemia, Iron-deficiency ... Post-splenectomy, Vitamin E deficiency ... cells - G-6-PD deficiency