305 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
syndrome: • Flank ... Malignant HTN • Renal ... thrombosis • Renal ... Sickle cell) • Renal ... TURP/Biopsy Renal
Causes of Urinary Tract Obstruction - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Upper Tract - Bladder NOT distended on ultrasound,
Causes of Urinary ... ultrasound, Hematuria, flank ... • Thrombus (frank ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Hyperkalemia

Hyperkalemia is caused by excess potassium intake, impaired potassium excretion, or transcellular shifts. The
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Hyperkalemia is caused ... with impaired renal ... rarely the sole cause ... and underlying renal
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
and unilateral flank ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... Nephrology for renal ... Nephrology if cause
Ascites - Diagnostic Approach and Differential Diagnosis
The most common causes: cirrhosis, malignancy and heart failure. Approx
The most common causes ... more than one cause ... findings: bulging flanks ... , flank dullness ... ; hemorrhagic: frank
Causes of acute kidney injury (AKI). AKI is classified into pre-renal, renal, and post-renal causes. Renal
Causes of acute ... classified into pre-renal ... , renal, and post-renal ... causes. ... Renal causes of
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury - Differential Diagnosis Framework 
Pre-Renal
Post-Renal
Intrinsic Renal:
 • Tubules (ATN)
 • Glomerular:
Causes of Acute ... Framework Pre-Renal ... Post-Renal Intrinsic ... Renal: • Tubules ... #KidneyInjury #Causes
Imaging Modalities for Renal Calculus

AXR. KUB
 - Good far calcium-containing stones useful when limited radiation dose
Modalities for Renal ... for ureteric and renal ... identify non-calculus causes ... of flank or abdominal ... for non-calculus causes
Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Clinical features - Classic triad (flank pain, hematuria,
Renal Cell Carcinoma ... Classic triad (flank ... palpable abdominal renal ... Colicky flank pain ... Percutaneous renal
The most common etiologies of small bowel obstruction, and the key distinguishing features of each cause.
features of each cause ... Grigorian, A., & Frank ... Surgery: A case