70 results
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - ... Guillain-Barré syndrome ... #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #table ... #neurology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Algorithm • Confirm ... mimics, repeat testing ... → Refer to Nephrology ... and referral to Urology ... #urology #blood
Parinaud's Syndrome
What?
 - Impaired upgaze
 - Light-near dissociation
 - Convergence retraction nystagmus
 - Eyelid retraction (Collier's
Parinaud's Syndrome ... Hydrocephalus → "setting ... sun sign" - Vascular ... #diagnosis #pineal ... #neurology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Diagnosis Baseline ... clinical context and signs ... cryoglobulins, hepatitis serology ... , HIV serology, ... Diagnosis #nephrology
Hypophosphatemia Diagnostic Algorithm
- GI Losses
- Redistribution
- 1° HPT
- 1° Renal PO4 wasting: Hereditary, TIO, Fanconi Syndrome,
Algorithm - GI ... - 1° Renal PO4 wasting ... , TIO, Fanconi Syndrome ... #Algorithm #differential ... #nephrology
Causes of Bradykinetic Movement Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Parkinson's Disease (TRAP):
• Resting Tremor
• Cogwheel Rigidity
• Akinesia/Bradykinesia
•
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Disease (TRAP): • Resting ... • Cerebellar signs ... MovementDisorders #Neurology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
Diagnosis Algorithm ... papilledema • Horner syndrome ... history of cancer, HIV ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #neurology #PHANTOMS
Parinaud's syndrome
What?
 • Light-near dissociation (tectal pupils)
 • Convergence retraction nystagmus
 • Eyelid retraction (Collier's sign)
Parinaud's syndrome ... retraction (Collier's sign ... Hydrocephalus -> "setting ... sun" sign • Vascular ... #neurology #diagnosis
Causes of Encephalopathy - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hyperacute:
 - Primary Neurologic: Vascular (IS, ICH), Seizure, Migraine, Trauma
Encephalopathy - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... paraneoplastic syndromes ... complications of HIV ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Spinal Cord Injury by Nerve Root Levels
Spinal Root	Sensory	Motor	Reflex
C4	Acromioclavicular Joint	Respiration	None
C5	Radial Antecubital Fossa	Elbow Flexion	Biceps Reflex
C6	Dorsal Thumb	Wrist Extension	Brachioradialis Reflex
C7	Dorsal
Sensory Motor Reflex ... Flexion Biceps Reflex ... Anterior Medial Thigh Hip ... NerveRoots #Levels #differential ... #diagnosis #Neurology