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diagnosis management algorithm anemia blood mds myelodysplastic pathophysiology polycythemia product reactions arterial calculation cancer classification embolism erythrocytosis fatty hodgkins hyponatremia
Aplastic Anemia - Overview Who? • M = F • 3 peaks: 1) Childhood 2) 15-25 years 3) >60 years What? • Aplastic anemia
Aplastic Anemia ... and petechiae Causes ... • Allogeneic HSCT ... #Anemia #oncology ... #hematology #diagnosis
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Severe ALT > 15x ULN • Viral • Drugs/Toxins •
Liver Enzymes - Differential ... • Pregnancy - AFLP ... NAFLD • Others Mild ... Others #LFTs #Hepatology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
dys- (abnormal) -plastic ... diagnosis: 70 years old ... , ~10,000 new cases ... Management #treatment #hematology ... #oncology
Erythrocytosis - Polycythemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Elevated Hemoglobin: • Males: Hb > 16.5 g/dL/HCT ≥ 49% •
- Polycythemia Differential ... Hb > 16.5 g/dL/HCT ... : Hb > 16 g/dL/HCT ... Polycythemia - Acquired Causes ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #hematology
Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy (AFLP) Pathophysiology: • Defect in fetal free fatty acid metabolism products →
of Pregnancy (AFLP ... AP, ↑INR, ↑BUN/Cr ... ↓Antithrombin Ill ... infiltration) Differential ... Liver #Pregnancy #hepatology
Reticulocyte Production Index = (Retic %) x (Hct / 45) / Maturation Factor The maturation factor is
= (Retic %) x (Hct ... marrow failure: Aplastic ... Production #Index #hematology ... #anemia #differential
Polycythemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Polycythemia itself isn’t a diagnosis. Like many things, it is a condition
Polycythemia - Differential ... Hb>16.5 g/dL, Hct ... Hb>16.0 g/dL, Hct ... Better call hematology ... Algorithm #workup #hematology
Venous Thrombosis vs Arterial Thrombosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework VENOUS THROMBOSIS • Acquired Risk Factors: - >48 hours
Arterial Thrombosis - Differential ... contraceptives - HRT ... Ischemic Liver, IBD ... pathophysiology #hematology ... #differential #
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm in Cancer UOsm ≥ 100 mOsm/kg = Urine is inappropriately concentrated for hypotonic
Hyponatremia Differential ... - and IL-2- induced ... VOD following HSCT ... chemotherapy, nausea ... algorithm #nephrology #oncology
Blood Transfusion Reactions Immune Mediated: • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
May have drop in Hct ... Causes purpura & ... TRALI): Leading cause ... due to marrow aplasia ... diagnosis #management #hematology
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