59 results
Summary table of mechanism of action, side effect and contraindications of commonly used diabetic drugs. 

#pharmacology
Summary table of ... of action, side effect ... #pharmacology #dm2
Metformin Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action:
 • Suppresses gluconeogenesis by the liver
 • Increases insulin-mediated glucose utilization
agent • Does not cause ... disease Common Side Effects ... Toxicities: • GI side effects ... e.g. diarrhea, nausea ... Pharmacology #Summary #DM2
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists - Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action: Stimulate glucose-dependent insulin release from the pancreas (GLP-1
Ozempic), or daily tablet ... e.g. diarrhea, nausea ... not definitively cause ... /effect) • May ... Pharmacology #Summary #DM2
DPP-4 Inhibitors - Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action: Inhibits DPP-4 (dipeptidyl peptidase 4), which normally inactivates GLP-1
Januvia) - Once/day tablet ... failure Common Side Effects ... not definitively cause ... /effect) • Saxagliptin ... Pharmacology #Summary #DM2
Clues to Differential Diagnosis of Central Cyanosis: Onset of cyanosis, Clubbing, Secondary erythrocytosis, Auscultation, X-ray, Echocardiography,
Clues to Differential ... Cyanotic heart defect ... Central #Cardiology #Causes ... #Table #Comparison
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
Causes of False ... E Dilutional Effect ... Decrease #Diagnosis #DM2
Tachycardia - Differential Diagnosis Table - Wide vs Narrow, Regular vs Irregular

Regular Rhythm - Narrow Complex
Differential Diagnosis Table ... whether AF is cause ... /effect • Tx: ... Underlying cause ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table
Shock - Differential Diagnosis by Classification
Reflex Syncope 
 - Vasovagal syncope
   • Prolonged standing
bradycardia • Sinus pauses ... Medication side effect ... Medication side effect ... Classification #Table ... #Causes
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
Bone/Joint Causes ... Hematoma Venous Causes ... • Neuropathy (DM ... Shin splints • Hamstring ... lower #extremity #msk
Type 2 Diabetes - Screening, Diagnosis and Management Algorithm
Lifestyle  Modifications (Diet and Exercise) -> Start
relative with DM2 ... associated with DM ... • Secondary Causes ... Amy Chung, MD, MSc ... Management #algorithm #DM2