21 results
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
proteinuria, RBC casts ... → Refer to Nephrology ... for renal biopsy ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology ... if cause not identified
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
differential, urine ... dipstick, urine ... osmolarity If cause ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
between aorta and ... microscopic and ... Bladder (Upper and ... #urology #nephrology ... #renal #urine #
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine Output > 3L /day
Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg)
 • Primary
Water Diuresis (Urine ... /kg) • Water and ... Dl • Chronic Renal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
UOP/weights - Urine ... rhabdo/TLS) Causes ... 13% (mostly ATN and ... AcuteKidneyInjury #AKI #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... concentrated urine ... tubulointerstitial nephritis, renal ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Microscopy #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
as arrhythmias and ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... suggests extra-renal ... causes • Laxative ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... volume-based algorithm Urine ... ≥100): SIADH, Renal ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... Weakness - Dark urine ... hour with goal urine ... per day until stable ... #treatment #nephrology
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) AKA: Mesangiocapillary GN
 • Active Urine Sediment (dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts, +/- proteinuria)
GN • Active Urine ... dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts ... Dysregulation and ... Glomerulonephritis #MPGN #nephrology ... #diagnosis #renal