321 results
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
and Reduction in HbA1c ... Elevation == Decreased ... Elevation #Reduction #HbA1c ... #HgbA1c #Laboratory ... #Increase #Decrease
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Cause - Decreased ... acidosis - Cl⁻ decrease ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Algorithmic Approach to the Patient with Azotemia

#Azotemia #AKI #Nephrology #Diagnosis #Differential #Algorithm #Management
Algorithmic Approach ... Azotemia #AKI #Nephrology ... #Differential #Algorithm
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypodipsia - Decreased ... intake of water • Decreased ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Renal Tubular Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased Serum K, Urine pH < 5.5 - Proximal RTA
Decreased
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Decreased Serum ... - Proximal RTA Decreased ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Decreased filling ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... Causes #workup #nephrology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Decreased intake/absorption: Starvation, Alcoholism, Malabsorption, Phosphate binder use
 • Redistribution/
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Decreased intake ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #nephrology
Kidney Biopsy - Diagnosis Algorithms
1) Normal Glomerulus by LM
2) Glomerular Crescents
3) Double Contours of GBM
4) Endocapillary
Biopsy - Diagnosis Algorithms ... renal #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #pathology
Orthostatic Hypotension Management Algorithm
 • Hypovolemic?  Yes → Resuscitate
 • Volume Overloaded? No → Fludrocortisone
Hypotension Management Algorithm ... cardiac output • Increase ... PO intake, Increase ... HUT) position → Decrease ... Hypotension #Management #Algorithm
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm ... Decreased Mg ... #Differential #Algorithm ... Causes #Workup #Nephrology