67 results
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
Causes of False ... and Reduction in HbA1c ... Elevation == Decreased ... Elevation #Reduction #HbA1c ... #Increase #Decrease
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
→ Inflammation causes ... ferroportin → Decreased ... ferroportin leads to decreased ... endpoint of all-cause ... diagnosis #management #cardiology
Calcium Channel Blockers - Dihydropyridines vs Non-Dihydropyridines
Dihydropyridines (amlodipine, felodipine, nifedipine, nicardipine)
 • SVR: Decrease
 • Inotropy:
nicardipine) • SVR: Decrease ... verapamil) • SVR: Decrease ... • Inotropy: Decrease ... pharmacology #comparison #table ... #cardiology
An Approach to Jaundice - Differential Diagnosis

- Increased Production (Prehepatic)
- Decreased Clearance (Intrahepatic + Posthepatic)

Dr. Eric
Prehepatic) - Decreased ... #Differential #Table ... #Causes #Intrahepatic
Antiarrhythmic Medication Table

#Antiarrhythmic #Medications #Table #Classification #Classes #Cardiology #Pharmacology
Antiarrhythmic Medication Table ... #Medications #Table ... Classification #Classes ... #Cardiology #Pharmacology
Clues to Differential Diagnosis of Central Cyanosis: Onset of cyanosis, Clubbing, Secondary erythrocytosis, Auscultation, X-ray, Echocardiography,
Clues to Differential ... Diagnosis #Central #Cardiology ... #Causes #Table
Kussmaul's Sign - Differential Diagnosis

Typically the JVP decreases with inspiration as the negative intrathoracic pressure "sucks
Typically the JVP decreases ... there is a lack of decrease ... or increase in ... physicalexam #diagnosis #cardiology ... #differential #causes
Digoxin effect on Electrocardiogram (EKG)
Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside from the foxglove leaf
Mechanism
 - Inhibits Na-K
Na-K ATPase -> increase ... extracellular K -> increase ... contractility - Decreases ... nodal conduction Uses ... Electrocardiogram #EKG #Cardiology
Tachycardia - Differential Diagnosis Table - Wide vs Narrow, Regular vs Irregular

Regular Rhythm - Narrow Complex
Differential Diagnosis Table ... whether AF is cause ... Tx: Underlying cause ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #cardiology
Hyperkalemia shortens repolarization; changes in the T wave provide the earliest clues to hyperpotassemia.
 - At
provide the earliest clues ... repolarization causes ... to 6.5 mEq/L, decrease ... in conduction causes ... #Progression #Table