8 results
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
anemia): ... (e.g. primary cold ... Extravascular #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #hematology ... #anemia
Differential Diagnosis for Hemolytic Anemia
Intrinsic Causes:
 • Enzyme deficiencies ex. G6PD, pyruvate kinase 
 • Hemoglobinopathies
for Hemolytic Anemia ... • AIHA: warm, cold ... drug induced • Infections ... Bartonella, Babesia ... #Anemia #Differential
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... Agglutination - Cold ... inclusions - If infection ... (oroya fever), babesia ... #Anemia #Differential
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
- Differential ... Warm AIHA • Cold ... circulation - Infections ... anemia • ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA)

WARM AHA
- Primary - Idiopathics
- Secondary
Infectious
 • Viral- HIV, EBV, HCV, HEV
 •
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... Anemia (AIHA) ... • Parasitic- Babesia ... alpha-methyldopa COLD ... Diagnosis #Differential
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
- Due to Viral infection ... • Symptoms of anemia ... anemiaCold ... younger pts) Differential ... #anemia #hematology
Reticulocyte Production Index = (Retic %) x (Hct / 45) / Maturation Factor
The maturation factor is
B12, Folate • Hormone ... (e.g. cancer, infection ... Microangiopathic hemolytic ... Production #Index #hematology ... #anemia #differential
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Hemolysis - Differential ... Autoimmune: Warm AIHA, Cold ... Internal (RBC) - Infections ... Defects: Sickle cell anemia ... Diagnosis #hematology