188 results
Mechanisms of Lower Extremity Edema: #Diagnosis #Pathophys #EM #IM #Edema #Lower #LowerExtremity #Causes #Starling #Oncotic #Hydrostatic
Causes #Starling #Oncotic ... #Hydrostatic #Pressure
Correction formulas for Hypernatremia and Hyponatremia
#Management #Nephro #Hyponatremia #Hypernatremia #Correction #FreeWaterDeficit #Formulas #Androgue #Calculation
Correction formulas for Hypernatremia ... and Hyponatremia ... Management #Nephro #Hyponatremia ... #Hypernatremia
Causes of Edema - Differential Diagnosis
Pitting Edema:
  ↑ Hydrostatic - Too Much Fluid
Pitting Edema: ↑ Hydrostatic ... Iatrogenic ↑ Hydrostatic ... Pressure ↓ Oncotic
Causes of Generalized Edema - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Overfill (Increased renal sodium retention, Urine Na > 40meq/L)
Increased Interstitial Oncotic ... Increased Capillary Hydrostatic ... Decreased Capillary Oncotic
Pitting vs Non-Pitting Edema: Differential Diagnosis
For pitting edema: there's generally an issue with :
  ↑
issue with : ↑ Hydrostatic ... pressure ↓ Plasma oncotic
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
and Features of Hyponatremia ... Hypervolemic hypernatremia ... Normovolemic hyponatremia ... Renal hypovolemic hyponatremia ... Diarrhea #Hyponatremia
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... Diuretics • Osmotic ... administration #Hypernatremia
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... Diagnosis Algorithm Hypernatremia ... administration • Osmotic ... Hyperventilation #Hypernatremia
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - ... Extrarenal Hypernatremia ... Ingestion Renal Hypernatremia ... Hypovolemic: Diuretics, osmotic ... MatthewHoMD #Hypernatremia
Causes of Peripheral Edema - Differential Diagnosis
Increased Hydrostatic Pressure
 • Volume Expansion: Kidney failure, Pregnancy, Medication
Diagnosis Increased Hydrostatic ... blockers Decreased Oncotic