11 results
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Workup of Hypercalcemia ... - Differential ... Low PTH: • High ... PTHrP: - Low ... #nephrology #PTH
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
- Differential ... filling of bucket (low ... #Differential # ... Algorithm #Causes #workup ... #nephrology
Tandem Gait Ataxia in Atypical Parkinsonism

How to differentiate Parkinson’s disease from atypical Parkinsonism in a jiffy?
Tandem Gait Ataxia ... Parkinsonism How ... to differentiate ... #Parkinsonism #clinical ... #physicalexam #neurology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential ... Framework and Workup ... normal Type 4: Hyperkalemic ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #nephrology
Wernicke's Encephalopathy 
CLINICAL TRIAD: only seen in 1/4 pts 
W.E. is often under diagnosed 
1. ENCEPHALOPATHY
Encephalopathy CLINICAL ... . 5% have decr LOC ... GAIT ATAXIA (23% ... no upper limb ataxia ... diagnosis #triad #neurology
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
ARVs can have low ... : The clinical ... dysfunction like gait ... motor slowing and ataxia ... dementia #AIDS #Neurology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
in HIV / AIDS - Differential ... should be based on clinical ... monoparesis), limb ataxia ... , gait ataxia, and ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Cord Disorders - Differential ... neurological lesion: Clinical ... of injury • Gait ... often- Sensory ataxia ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... Blood transfusion, Hypercalcemia ... Reversible course Differential ... Seizures: Treat with AEDs ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
tubule (DCT) Clinical ... • Unexplained hypokalemia ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology