11 results
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
and sodium • Dosing ... and calcium • Dosing ... patients sensitive to high ... #medications #pharmacology ... #table #comparison
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypertensive: ... Gitelman's syndrome #Hypokalemia ... #nephrology #causes
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Clenching of fist during ... phlebotomy High ... Medications 2. ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Clenching of fist during ... phlebotomy High ... Medications 2. ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Reduced Excretion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Reduced flow through distal nephron - TTKG
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... CHF, cirrhosis, hypotension ... IntercellularShift #Nephrology ... #Causes
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Loop Diuretics; High-Ceiling ... Torsemide) • Acute pulmonary ... Hyponatremia • Hypercalcemia ... Kidney stones caused ... #Table
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... diuresis can be high ... : Hypovolemia, Hypervolemia ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT) - ICU One Pager Summary
Indications (AIEOU):
 • A: Acidosis (usually severe metabolic)
, hypercalcemia, ... Fluid Overload (pulmonary ... , uncontrolled hypertension ... High clearance achieved ... RRT #managment #nephrology
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. 
***Typical presentations: 
 • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm ... urine Na/Cl < 0.7, high ... Other medications ... continued in most cases ... #nephrology
Summary of Oncologic Emergencies

Neutropenic fever:
- Fever + ANC < 500 → start cefepime ± vancomycin (if
Treat underlying cause ... plasmapheresis Hypercalcemia ... rash, hypoxia, hypotension ... , weight gain, hypotension ... renal failure, pulmonary