28 results
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... losses, Diuretic ... deficiency, Salt-losing ... failure Hypervolemia ... Algorithm #Causes #nephrology
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Glucocorticoid deficit - Hypokalemia ... Drugs - SIADH Renal ... hyponatremia - Diuretics ... deficit - Salt-losing ... #Diagnosis #Table
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... Clenching of fist during ... Crush injury • Blood ... • K sparing diuretics ... potassium #high #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
irrigation • Management ... Torsemide) • Acute pulmonary ... Prevention of blood ... #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Medications #Table
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options
Stabilize cardiac membrane:
 • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes)
Decrease potassium concentration:
 • IV Fluids
Shift
(if preserved renal ... function) - Loop diuretic ... peaks 1-2h) • Blood ... #management #potassium ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... Clenching of fist during ... Crush injury • Blood ... • K sparing diuretics ... potassium #high #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Framework and Management ... UA positive for blood ... Loop diuretics for ... causes #treatment #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
: Hypovolemia, Hypervolemia ... with poor renal ... #Hyponatremia #differential ... #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
post-hypothermia • ↓ Renal ... Excretion: - Renal ... 15 suggests ↓ renal ... Elimination (see Table ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
stimulus to ADH • Pain ... • Drugs • Pulmonary ... GI losses • Renal ... especially thiazide diuretics ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology