18 results
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Loses - Medications ... - Hypokalemia ... - Uncontrolled diabetes ... Diagnosis #Low #Magnesium ... #Table #Classification
Summary of Diuretic Agents 
Subclass, Drug, Mechanism of Action, Effects, Clinical Applications, Pharmacokinetics, Toxicities, Interaction
CARBONIC ANHYDRASE
Summary of Diuretic ... Chlorthalidone POTASSIUM-SPARING ... #Medications #Pharmacology ... #summary #table ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Thyrotoxicosis Medications ... • Discontinued diuretic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #low #potassium
Compelling and Possible Contraindications to Antihypertensive Drugs
Diuretics (thiazides)
 - Gout
 - Metabolic syndrome, Glucose intolerance, Pregnancy,
Antihypertensive Drugs Diuretics ... (ACEI, ARB, diabetes ... , Bilateral renal ... , Bilateral renal ... contraindications #table
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Hypomagnesemia - Acquired: Medications ... pentamidine), Hypercalcemia ... , Diuretic phase ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
Potassium-Binding ... K; also binds magnesium ... of aspiration #Potassium ... #medications #pharmacology ... #table #comparison
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• K sparing diuretics ... • Recent IV potassium ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... Medications 2. ... #high #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Regulating Renal ... Hyponatremia • Hypercalcemia ... #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Pharmacology # ... Medications #Table
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• K sparing diuretics ... • Recent IV potassium ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... Medications 2. ... #high #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Renal tubular ... Ureterosigmoidostomy, Diabetic ... Post-hypercapnia • Diuretics ... algorithm #causes #nephrology ... #potassium