3058 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... Hypernatremia: • Hypovolemic ... access to H2O • Hypervolemic ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm

Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm ... uric acid high in hypovolemic ... and hypervolemic ... #Differential #Algorithm ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Dependent: • Hypovolemic ... • Hypervolemic ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypovolemic - Give ... volume Hypervolemic ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
to Hyponatremia Hypovolemic ... Primary polydipsia Hypervolemic ... #Hyponatremia #algorithm ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
HYPOVOLEMIC • ... psychogenic polydipsia HYPERVOLEMIC ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology
Renal Tubular Acidosis - Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Hyperkalemic Type 4 RTA
 • Hypokalemic Type 1 RTA
Acidosis - Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Hyperkalemic ... Acidosis #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology
Treatment of hyperkalemia via kaliuresis 
step 1 = volume resuscitation if hypovolemic
step 2 = consider fludrocortisone
step
resuscitation if hypovolemic ... diuretics #diuresis #nephrology ... #algorithm
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... hormone secretion Hypervolemia ... renal failure Hypervolemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #nephrology
Renal Tubular Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased Serum K, Urine pH < 5.5 - Proximal RTA
Decreased
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Increased Serum K = Hyperkalemic ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology