152 results
diagnosis differential management nephrology algorithm hyperkalemia causes pharmacology hypokalemia treatment table comparison medications pathophysiology cardiology high low metabolic classification clinical
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm Decreased renal potassium excretion • Acute renal failure • Chronic renal failure • Drugs Increased
Decreased renal potassium ... Drugs Increased potassium ... (oral/iv) • Potassium-rich ... Hyporeninemic, hypoaldosteronism ... High: • Primary hypoaldosteronism
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
secondary or primary hyperaldosteronism ... syndrome • Primary Hyperaldosteronism ... • Secondary Hyperaldosteronism ... tumor • Pseudo-hyperaldosteronism ... causes #nephrology #potassium
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypertensive: • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism • High Al, High
R - Secondary Hyperaldosteronism ... Low R - Pseudo-hyperaldosteronism ... #causes #low #potassium
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Chloride depletion syndromes • Gastrointestinal losses -
syndromes • Primary hyperaldosteronism ... syndrome • Severe potassium ... depletion (serum potassium
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
• Recent IV potassium ... Addison’s disease/Hypoaldosteronism ... hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism ... diagnosis #causes #potassium
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
• Recent IV potassium ... Addison’s disease/Hypoaldosteronism ... hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism ... diagnosis #causes #potassium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
tumor, Primary hyperaldosteronism ... Algorithm #causes #potassium
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine Urine K+
the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... Glucocorticoid suppressible hyperaldosteronism ... hypokalemia #urine #potassium
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L • Gastric alkalosis:
/L • Primary hyperaldosteronism ... glucocorticoid-sensitive hyperaldosteronism ... other • Severe potassium
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework • Cellular Shift: - Exercise
Excretion: - Hypoaldosteronism ... Diagnosis #Causes #potassium
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