36 results
Warm vs Cold Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia:
 • Mechanism: IgG and Complement-mediated
 • Etiology:
Warm vs Cold Autoimmune ... Mechanism: IgG and Complement-mediated ... Mechanism: IgM and Complement-mediated ... BostonChiefs #Warm #Cold ... #Anemia #hematology
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Warm AIHA • Cold ... perfringens - Complement-Mediated ... • Cold AIHA ... #Causes #Hematology
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Positive Coombs testing ... post infectious setting ... temperatures by fixing complement ... #hemolytic #anemia ... #hematology #diagnosis
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Agglutination - Cold ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #workup #hematology ... #testing
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Autoimmune (AIHA)"Cold ... (e.g. primary cold ... agglutin disease ... e.g. sickle cell disease ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
Causes of Hypocomplementemia - CHAMPS Mnemonic
C - Cryoglobulinemia (85%), C3 glomerulopathy, cirrhosis
H - Heavy Chain deposition
Causes of Hypocomplementemia ... Chain deposition disease ... @AnnKumfer #Hypocomplementemia ... #Low #Complement ... #differential #hematology
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) - Differential Diagnosis Table

Warm AIHA (48-70%)
Cold AHA (16-32%)
 • Donath-Landsteiner HA (paroxysmal
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... AIHA (48-70%) Cold ... Agglutinin Disease ... #Autoimmune #Hemolytic ... Diagnosis #Table #hematology
Expected DAT Results in Autoimmune Hemolysis
DAT Negative Hemolysis
 • DAT Poly ( - ), IgG (
in Autoimmune Hemolysis ... , C3d ( +/- ) Cold ... agglutinin disease ... ) Paroxysmal cold ... #hematology #diagnosis
Pulmonary Function Testing (PFT) Interpretation Algorithm

Restrictive Lung Disease:
 • Chest wall or neuromuscular disorders
 • Interstitial
Pulmonary Function Testing ... Interpretation Algorithm ... Restrictive Lung Disease ... Pulmonary #Function #Testing ... Interpretation #Algorithm
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Microangiopathic Hemolytic ... Cell Agglutinate: Cold ... autoimmune hemolytic ... anemia, Paroxysmal cold ... differential #diagnosis #hematology