18 results
Causes of Secondary / Provoked Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Febrile
Infection
 • Sepsis
 • Encephalitis
 • Meningitis
Metabolic
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Metabolic • Hypoglycemia ... • Hyperglycemia ... Hypocalcemia • Hyponatremia ... Provoked #Seizures #Neurology
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Metabolic: Hypoglycemia ... , Hyperglycemia, ... Hyponatremia, Hypomagnesemia ... #Causes #neurology
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia ... Algorithm Hypertonic ... Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #nephrology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... mmol/L - true hyponatremia ... pseudohyponatremia • hyperglycemia ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Kidney Injury (AKI ... C3/C4, Other • ATN ... Bladder (Medication, DM ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes #algorithm
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Reduced GFR, AKI ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Reduced GFR, AKI ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
Kidney Injury (AKI ... Liano 1996) - ATN ... CKD— 13% (mostly ATN ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Causes
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Consider secondary HTN ... Nephritic syndrome • AKI ... #Hypertension #HTN ... #Secondary #Nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... deficiency, Post-AKI ... Renal Losses (AKI ... , Post-AKI diuresis ... table #sodium #nephrology