23 results
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
vasoconstriction syndrome ... Encephalitis, Brain Abscess ... • Metabolic: Hypoglycemia ... , Hyperglycemia, ... Algorithm #Causes #neurology
Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome (HHS)
Absolute Insulin deficit:
 - Type I DM:
Pathophysiology ... Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome ... deficit: - Type I DM ... food binges, etc Hyperglycemia ... #dka #hhs #pathophysiology
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
pneumonia • DM ... Pathophysiology ... hemorrhage • Treatment ... continue antibiotic treatment ... several months of treatment
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
pseudohyponatremia • hyperglycemia ... Assess volume status ... • nephrotic syndrome ... Workup #Algorithm #Nephrology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
• Acute stroke syndromes ... Infectious: Brain abscess ... Paraneoplastic syndrome ... Metabolic myopathies: Hypoglycemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #neurology
Pisa Syndrome (pleurothotonus) on Physical Exam
A tonic flexion of the trunk of the body to one
Pisa Syndrome (pleurothotonus ... Pathophysiology: ... Treatment: anticholinergics ... FatimahDandan #Pisa #Syndrome ... PhysicalExam #clinical #neurology
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Epidemiology:
 • Prevalence: 1-2 cases per million -
associated with DM ... Pathophysiology ... Treatment: • ... Diagnosis #Management #treatment ... #neurology
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Guillain-Barre Syndrome ... Guillain-Barre Pathophysiology ... Treatment: • Plasmapheresis ... diagnosis #management #treatment ... #neurology
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Demyelinating Syndrome ... Disease, PRES Pathophysiology ... Puncture, EEG Treatment ... Erythematosus #SLE #CNS #neurology ... diagnosis #management #treatment
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
transfusions), ↓insulin (DM ... Workup: • Assess ... • Labs: BMP (Assess ... Monitor hypoglycemia ... #potassium #nephrology