8 results
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... → Refer to Nephrology ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology ... #urology #blood
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
urine • 1ml blood ... Immune mediated injury ... RBC casts → Diagnostic ... #urology #nephrology ... blood
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
RBC’s, RBC/WBC casts ... suggest intrinsic renal ... prostatic) #Diagnosis #EM ... #IM #Urology #Hematuria ... Differential #Algorithm #Ddxof
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... - AKI Workup Algorithm ... #AKI #Workup #Algorithm ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) AKA: Mesangiocapillary GN
 • Active Urine Sediment (dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts, +/- proteinuria)
dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts ... formation along glomerular ... immune deposits on EM ... Glomerulonephritis #MPGN #nephrology ... #diagnosis #renal
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
: (AKI, proteinuria ... injury), Coags ... Goodpasture's cause ... reveals increasing blood ... , RBC casts, low
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... UA positive for blood ... + myoglobin AKI ... Cast formation: ... #treatment #nephrology
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
bland urine, no hematuria ... Bland urine (no casts ... , protein, or blood ... essential in all cases ... Syndrome #Hepatology #Nephrology