13 results
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Spinal Cord Disorders ... and signs below ... Demyelinating: - Multiple ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... #diagnosis #neurology
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
Disorder (HAND) ... • Depressive symptoms ... The clinical syndrome ... #dementia #AIDS ... #Neurology
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
• Or brainstem syndromes ... impairment, Mood disorder ... Signs and symptoms ... • Acute: - IV ... diagnosis #management #neurology
NINDS Diagnostic Criteria for Guillain Barre Syndrome 
Features Required for Guillain-Barré Syndrome:
 • Progressive muscle weakness
, Mild sensory symptoms ... or signs, Cranial ... nervous system signs ... encephalitis spectrum disorders ... diagnosis #criteria #neurology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
/ AIDS - Differential ... radiographic features • Multiple ... Suspect in movement disorders ... differential #diagnosis #AIDS ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
Other brainstem syndromes ... paresthesia to paresis, Bladder ... Comorbid autoimmune disorders ... Manifestations #diagnosis #neurology ... #symptoms #signs
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
result in permanent neurologic ... syphilis, and HIV ... bullet injury - Multiple ... degeneration - Multiple ... differential #diagnosis #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
spine L1-L5 Symptoms ... so-called ‘red flag’ symptoms ... disturbance • Bladder ... cord infarct • HIV ... diagnosis #causes #neurology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
• Mononeuritis multiplex ... Lack of UMN/LMN signs ... parainfluenza, Coxsackie, HIV ... aminotransferases • Serology ... Differential #Diagnosis #neurology
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
Vascular disorders ... Syndrome usually ... Multiple sclerosis ... signs or symptoms ... differential #diagnosis #neurology