11 results
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
Diagnosis Framework ... cells per μL • Diagnosis ... Antimicrobial treatment ... is generally required ... Demyelinating disease caused
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Overview

Increased Clotting and Consumption of Clotting Factors

Findings:
 • Bleeding
 • Recent history
protein C and S Pathophysiology ... dysfunction (16%) • Shock ... Thromboembolism (7%) • CNS ... #Coagulation #diagnosis ... #causes #treatment
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
dementia Pathophysiology ... and infects the CNS ... Diagnosis: MRI ... : • Increased CSF ... dementia #AIDS #Neurology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... through a peripheral IV ... include vaptans (HF ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #nephrology #sodium
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Epidemiology: • 1-2 cases ... Guillain-Barre Pathophysiology ... Campylobacter jejuni - HIV ... Guillain-Barre Diagnosis ... #neurology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... Infection/Sepsis/Shock ... Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... the underlying cause ... • Treatment of
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)
Acute autoimmune demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: 1
Incidence: 1 to 2 cases ... immunodeficiency virus (HIV ... the underlying pathophysiology ... and cauda equina TREATMENT ... #management #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
equina syndrome (CES ... - Emergency Causes ... cord infarct • HIV ... axial T1 and T2 Treatment ... #causes #neurology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... Na delivery): CHF ... only if no clear cause ... Bicarb<22) - avoid NS ... #potassium #nephrology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
monophasic Pathophysiology ... that results in CNS ... • Infectious causes ... simplex virus, HIV ... #management #neurology