28 results
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... - Differential ... • Metabolic acidosis ... blockers - MCW Nephrology ... #Differential #
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... • Metabolic acidosis ... • Metabolic acidosis ... #Differential # ... potassium #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Algorithm Acidosis ... NephTwitter) #Hypokalemia ... #Differential # ... Causes #Workup #Nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Hypokalemia ... Hyperkalemia ... Drug-induced hyperkalemia ... #differential # ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential ... Renal tubular acidosis ... #differential # ... algorithm #causes #nephrology
Renal Tubular Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased Serum K, Urine pH < 5.5 - Proximal RTA
Decreased
Renal Tubular Acidosis ... - Differential ... Urine pH > 6.0 - Hypokalemic ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... - Metabolic acidosis ... Hypoaldosteronism • Acquired ... #differential # ... potassium #high #nephrology
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
AQP-2 gene - Acquired ... causes (e.g., hypokalemia ... Treatment is aimed ... Classification #Types #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Hypomagnesemia - Differential ... with secondary, hypocalcemia ... Hypomagnesemia - Acquired ... Hypomagnesemia #differential ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Redistribution: Acidosis ... Assess GFR), ±VBG (acidosis ... hyperchloremic acidosis ... gtt - Only in acidosis ... #potassium #nephrology