14 results
Patterns of Liver Injury
Transaminase Levels:
  > 50x normal - Ischemic Hepatitis
  > 20x normal
20x normal - Acute ... Infection (EBV/CMV), Alcoholic ... 5-10x normal - Chronic ... AST:ALT > 2.5 - Alcoholic ... Liver #Injury #hepatology
Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure (ACLF) Clinical Guidelines

ACLF = possibly reversible condition in those with CLD (± cirrhosis)
Acute-on-Chronic ... months without treatment ... Infections Alcohol-Associated ... Hepatitis (AAH) ... #Hepatology #gastroenterology
Drug Induced Liver Injury (DILI) - Stepwise Diagnosis Algorithm
DILI suspicion
Features toxic aetiology: Skin involvement, Kidney injury,
disease, Hepatic ischaemia ... dechallenge • Acute ... disorder (e.g. ascites ... ), Chronic hepatitis ... #hepatology
Mesenteric Ischemia - Differential Diagnostic Schema
Chronic: ASCVD, Venous, Vasculitides 5% (PAN, [E]GPA, IgA, MPA)
Acute
 - Venous
Chronic: ASCVD, ... GPA, IgA, MPA) Acute ... Vessels (Heart failure ... hypovolemia), Meds/Treatments ... #Diagnosis #algorithm
Causes of Ascites
Normal Peritoneum
Portal hypertension (SAAG > 1.1 g/dL)
  1. Hepatic congestionl
- Heart failure ... Cirrhosis - Alcoholic ... hepatitis ... fibrosis - Acute ... #differential #hepatology
Serum Ascites Albumin Gradient (SAAG) - Differential Diagnosis
High albumin gradient (>1.1 g/dl):
 - Cirrhosis	
 - Alcoholic
Cirrhosis - Alcoholic ... hepatitis - Cardiac ... Fulminant hepatic failure ... Veno-occlusive disease - Acute ... associated with bowel ischemia
Alcoholic Hepatitis - Management Algorithm
Assess Eligibility for Treatment:
 - Maddrey Discriminant Function ≥ (or possibly MELD
Alcoholic Hepatitis ... - Management Algorithm ... blood, urine and ascites ... - Multiorgan failure ... #Algorithm #hepatology
Hepatocellular Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Framework:
Liver Injury → liver test abnormalities without evidence of liver
evidence of liver failure ... Drugs (MDMA), Alcohol ... • Vascular: Ischemic ... Differential #Diagnosis #hepatology ... #algorithm #Transaminitis
Liver Chemistries - Interpretation of LFTs

R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ALP)
 • R >
Liver Failure ( ... ALT Ratios: • Alcoholic ... > 2 • NASH, Chronic ... injury: > 3 • Chronic ... #differential #Hepatology
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... ALT Ratios: • Alcoholic ... > 2 • NASH, Chronic ... injury: > 3 • Chronic ... #hepatology