36 results
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
anemia): ... cold agglutin disease ... Extravascular #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #hematology ... #anemia
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Chemotherapy (e.g ... Microangiopathic Hemolytic ... Cold autoimmune hemolytic ... RBC #Morphology #differential ... #diagnosis #hematology
Peripheral Blood Smear Analysis
Hypochromia
Megaloblastic Anemia
Schistocytes: Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (e.g. DIC, TTP, HUS)
Microspherocytes: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Sickled red
Microangiopathic hemolytic ... anemia (e.g. ... cells: Sickle cell disease ... Smear #Analysis #hematology ... interpretation #clinical
Algorithmic Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework by MCV

Microcytic (MCV < 80) "TAILS":
 • Thalassemia
- Differential ... , CKD • Hemolytic ... aciduria, Drugs (e.g ... Non-megaloblastic: Liver disease ... #Diagnosis #hematology
Elevated Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

LDH is a cytoplasmic enzyme present in tissues throughout
Dehydrogenase (LDH) - Differential ... , sickle cell disease ... anemia, PNH, immune ... associated with any symptoms ... Dehydrogenase #Elevated #differential
Causes of Anemia by Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (<80
Volume (MCV) - Differential ... • Bleeding • Hemolysis ... (e.g. ... Classification #Differential ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Reticulocyte Production Index = (Retic %) x (Hct / 45) / Maturation Factor
The maturation factor is
Chronic kidney disease ... Retroperitoneal, Uterine • Hemolysis ... Microangiopathic hemolytic ... Production #Index #hematology ... #anemia #differential
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Viral Infection Clinical ... anemia • Cold ... younger pts) Differential ... #hemolytic #anemia ... #hematology #diagnosis
TTP - Laboratory Evaluation for Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

Activity of von Willebrand factor-cleaving protease activity - A
hallmark for the disease ... result in severe anemia ... anemia Indirect ... tissue damage from ischemia ... WBC count and differential
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - Diagnosis
Manifestations:
 - Arthritis 69%
 - Malar rash 40%
 - Fever 36%
 -
Lymphadenopathies 7% - Hemolytic ... anemia 4% - Myositis ... autoantibodies #signs #symptoms ... #mimickers #differential ... #rheumatology