34 results
Chest Pain - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiovascular Causes:
 - Outflow Obstruction
     • Aortic
Cardiovascular Causes ... Aortic Stenosis - Ischemic ... Angina - Non-lschemic ... - Neurologic/Psychiatric ... • Anxiety
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Neurochemical abnormalities
 • Hyper-vigilance
 • Emotional hyper-arousal
 • Exaggerated startle reflex
 • Anxiety
startle reflex • Anxiety ... BehavioralDisorder #Pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms ... #signs #psychiatry
Tachypnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Definitions
 • Tachypnea: Respiratory rate > 20/min, shallow breathing in adults
 •
PVFM) Cardiac Causes ... embolism • Cardiac ischemia ... Hematologic Causes ... • Sepsis • Psychiatric ... : Anxiety, fright
Alcohol Use Disorder: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Tolerance (reduced sensitivity to effects of EtOH)
 •
• Withdrawal symptoms ... , tachycardia, nausea ... , seizure, and anxiety ... AlcoholUseDisorder #EtOH #Pathophysiology ... #Psychiatry
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
re-vascularize the ischemic ... Localized retinal ischemia ... causes upregulation ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology ... complications #pathophysiology
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Symptoms (included in DSM 5 criteria) - Present during
Clinical Findings Symptoms ... partum onset) - Anxiety ... MoodDisorders #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms ... #Psychiatry
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors: Mechanisms and Side Effects
 • Serotonin Syndrome:
   - Autonomic Hyperactivity:
Dizziness - Nausea ... Serotonin #Inhibitors #Pathophysiology ... #SideEffects #Psychiatry ... Diagnosis #Signs #Symptoms
Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors(SNRIs): Mechanisms and Side Effects

Withdrawal: Dizziness, Diarrhea, Insomnia, Nausea, Vomiting
Serotonin Syndrome - Potentially Life
Diarrhea, Insomnia, Nausea ... gain Incr NE: Nausea ... SerotoninNorepinephrine #Inhibitors #Pathophysiology ... #SideEffects #Psychiatry ... Diagnosis #Signs #Symptoms
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
fluffy white ischemic ... Elschnig's Spots • Ischemia ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Diplopia - Double Vision - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical Pearls:
 • Diplopia is almost always binocular.
 •
• Neurologic symptoms ... a mass as the cause ... Cannot Abduct • Ischemia ... unreactive pupil • Ischemia ... #Ophthalmology