27 results
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
re-vascularize the ischemic ... into the deeper retinal ... ischemia -> Venous ... ischemia causes ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology
Uveitis - Definition, Causes and SUN Classification

Inflammation of the iris, ciliary body, vitreous, retina and/or choroid
Incidence
- Definition, Causes ... body, vitreous, retina ... secondary glaucoma and retinal ... ischemia Causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #Ophthalmology
Causes of Altered Level of Consciousness GCS < 7 - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Brain Involvement - Hemispheric
Causes of Altered ... Traumatic • Ischemia ... Traumatic • Ischemia ... Excesses • Liver/Renal ... deficiency • Hyponatremia
Vision Loss - Differential Diagnosis
Chronic: 
  - Cornea: Scarring, Edema
  - Lens: Cataracts
degeneration - Retina ... Lens Dislocation, Retinal ... Vein Occlusion, Ischemic ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes ... #ophthalmology
Isocoria - Pupillary Defects - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Relative Afferent Pupil Defect
 • Optic Neuritis
 • Ischemic
Optic Neuritis • Ischemic ... Nerve Tumor • Retinal ... • Botulism Pharmacologic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Ophthalmology
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Hyponatremia Diagnosis ... solute intake, Renal ... @NephroMD #hyponatremia ... differential #algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... perspiration Renal ... administration #Hypernatremia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology #sodium
Transient Monocular Vision loss - Differential Diagnosis
Ischemia	
 - Large artery disease (atherothrombosis, embolus, dissection).
  -
Differential Diagnosis Ischemia ... disease (anterior ischemic ... Caused by decreased ... Ocular causes - ... Differential #Diagnosis #Ophthalmology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... • Renal Failure ... thecurbsiders #Hyponatremia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
Central Retinal ... edema caused by ... ischemia results ... axons death due to ischemia ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology