25 results
Causes of Anemia by Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (<80
Causes of Anemia ... • Bleeding • Hemolysis ... Inflammation, Chronic Infection ... #MCV #Classification ... #Causes #Hematology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Diagnostic Framework ... Extravascular Causes ... #differential # ... diagnosis #hematology ... #anemia
Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Dyspnea:
 • Myocardium:
	- Heart failure
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
 • Electrical:
	-
- Asthma - COPD ... HTN - Vasculitis ... : - Anemia • ... Deconditioning - Pain ... #diagnosis #causes
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Cryoglobulins (Vasculitic ... anemiaCold ... younger pts) Differential ... chills, flank pain ... #hematology #diagnosis
Differential Diagnosis for Hemolytic Anemia
Intrinsic Causes:
 • Enzyme deficiencies ex. G6PD, pyruvate kinase 
 • Hemoglobinopathies
Differential Diagnosis ... : • Liver disease ... • AIHA: warm, cold ... Diagnosis #causes ... #classification
Hemoptysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Massive Hemoptysis: >150-300 mL in 24h
Airway disease: 
 • Bronchitis, Bronchiectasis, Malignancy
Hemoptysis - Differential ... in 24h Airway disease ... Parenchyma: • Infection ... Diagnosis #pulmonary ... #causes
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... Agglutination - Cold ... cardiac valve, vasculitis ... inclusions - If infection ... elliptocytosis, autoimmune hemolysis
Clinical Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension

1. Pulmonary arterial hypertension from pulmonary vasculopathy
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Heritable gene mutations
- HIV infection ... Chronic hemolytic anemia ... neurofibromatosis, vasculitis ... #Diagnosis #Differential ... #Causes
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
tract, and often causes ... to exclude are infections ... differential #diagnosis ... #rheumatology # ... classification
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
polymicrobial infection ... Pleuritic chest pain ... Coli - P. ... Vasculitis (e.g. ... causes #management