456 results
Phosphate Electrolyte Repletion
Oral: Neutra-Phos, Neutra-Phos-K, K-Phos Neutral (Na and K Phos)
Intravenous: Potassium Phosphate, Sodium Phosphate

Satya Patel
Neutra-Phos, Neutra-Phos-K, ... K-Phos Neutral ... (Na and K Phos) ... Intravenous: Potassium
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Stimulation of Na/K-ATPase ... which imports K+ ... Algorithm #causes #potassium
Drugs that Impair Renal Potassium Excretion 

Decreased ENaC channel function: Amiloride, Triamterene, Pentamidine
Decreased Aldosterone Synthesis: Heparin,
that Impair Renal Potassium ... Decreased Na, K-ATPase ... Pharmacology #Impaired #Potassium
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... (K) & magnesium( ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... Diarrhea A urine K/ ... #differential #potassium
Digoxin Pharmacology and Pathophysiology
1) Na/K ATPase Pump - Digoxin works by directly binding to and inhibiting
Pathophysiology 1) Na/K ... action of the Na+/K+ ... blocks the Na+/K+ ... action of the Na+/K+ ... bind to the Na+/K+
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... the urine Urine K+ ... (<2.5 mEq K+/mmol ... Diarrhea Urine K+ ... hypokalemia #urine #potassium
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia:
 • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample!
 • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
analyzed, releasing K+ ... to excrete more K+ ... reduce plasma [K+ ... Algorithm #causes #potassium
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• Digoxin • K ... • Recent IV potassium ... colonic necrosis • K ... K supplement 3 ... diagnosis #causes #potassium
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
measuring urinary K ... gastrointestinal K ... loss • Renal K ... causes #nephrology #potassium
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
Increased EC shift of K ... #pharmacology #potassium