718 results
Mechanism of Action of Bile Acid Sequestrants
Bile Acid Sequestrants → ↓ Hepatic Bile Acid Pool →
Expression → ↑ VLDL ... /Secretion → ↑ LDL ... Production → ↑ LDL ... Receptors → ↑ LDL ... Clearance → ↓ Plasma LDL-C
Abnormal Lipid Profiles - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Increased Cholesterol and Triglycerides 
 - Genetic Causes
Hypothyroidism Decreased HDL ... Androgens Increased LDL ... ApoB-100 • LDLr ... • Familial LPL
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • 12-13 g/dL,
 • ANC < 1800/uL,
 • platelet < 150,000/uL

Initial
Algorithm • 12-13 g/dL ... reticulocyte count, LFTs, LDH ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #hematology
Laboratory Testing in Hemolytic Anemia

Intravascular vs Extravascular Hemolysis
Reticulocytes
Unconjugated bilirubin
LDH
Peripheral smear
Haptoglobin
Urine hemosiderin
Urine hemoglobin
Carboxyhemoglobin

#Hemolytic #Anemia #Laboratory #Testing #workup
Unconjugated bilirubin LDH ... workup #diagnosis #hematology
Isolated Hyperbilirubinemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Direct Hyperbilirubinemia: Dubin-Johnson Syndrome, Rotor Syndrome
Indirect Hyperbilirubinemia: 
 - Trauma, Hematoma,
Transfusion - LDH ... Type I or II - LDH ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #hepatology
Risk factors for atherosclerosis

Modifiable risk factors:
 - Dyslipidemia (elevated LDL, decreased HDL)
 - Tobacco smoking
 -
Dyslipidemia (elevated LDL ... , decreased HDL)
Approach to Thrombotic Microangiopathy (TMA) - Differential Diagnosis and Management Algorithm

Suspected TMA: Unexplained thrombocytopenia + MAHA
, Haptoglobin, LDH ... Reticulocyte index • ↑ LDH ... Management #Algorithm #hematology
Hemolysis - Diagnostic Algorithm and Causes

Increased red cell production: 
 • Increased Reticulocytosis/polychromasia 
 • Erythroid
• Increased LDH ... Causes #Workup #Hematology
Diagnosis of ascites according to the serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG)
SAAG ≥ 1.1:
 - Ascitic protein
protein ≤ 2.5 g/dL ... protein ≥ 2.5 g/dL ... albumin #gradient #hepatology
Hemolytic Anemias - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Signs of anemia and hemolysis:
 • ↓ Haptoglobin
 • ↑ LDH
Haptoglobin • ↑ LDH ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #hematology