39 results
3 Stages of Lyme Disease 
Early Lyme Disease 
 - Erythema migrans 
 - Constitutional symptoms
3 Stages of Lyme ... Constitutional symptoms ... Gastrointestinal symptoms ... Lyme #Disease #Stages ... InfectiousDiseases #Diagnosis
Clinical Manifestations of Serotonin Syndrome
 • Ophthalmologic: Mydriasis, Ocular clonus (slow horizontal movements)
 • Gastrointestinal: Diarrhea,
Clinical Manifestations ... of Serotonin Syndrome ... Altered Mental Status ... #Symptoms #spectrum ... #signs #diagnosis
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... Assess volume status ... • nephrotic syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Sarcoidosis
Stage 1 - Bilateral LAD without involvement of lung parenchyma
Stage 2 - Bilateral LAD with involvement
- Most common manifestations ... sarcoid Lofgren Syndrome ... polyarthralgias Heerfordt syndrome ... #Sarcoidosis #Diagnosis ... #Signs #Symptoms
Clinical manifestations of acute liver failure 

Brain: 
Hepatic encephalopathy,  
Cerebral edema,  
Intracranial hypertension,
Clinical manifestations ... High output state ... Thrombocytopenia #manifestations ... failure #Signs #Symptoms ... #Diagnosis
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... mechanism 2) Volume Status ... , Cushing syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Workup #Algorithm #nephrology
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
Pulmonary and renal manifestations ... Differential Diagnosis ... biopsy By Tess Litchman ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Hyponatremia - Differential ... cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome ... , CNS Disease, Meds ... UnremarkableLab #Hyponatremia ... #nephrology #sodium
Lyme Disease: Early and Late Clinical manifestations
Stage 1. Localized
 • EM appears 7-14 days at the
Late Clinical manifestations ... Stage 1. ... rare and mild Stage ... Lyme #Disease #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
NMO) - Clinical Manifestations ... Other brainstem syndromes ... #Optica #NMO #Manifestations ... #diagnosis #neurology ... #symptoms #signs