26 results
Hypocalcemia - Diagnosis and Management
PTH Independent (↑ PTH)
 • LOW VIT D
    -
Hypocalcemia - Diagnosis ... and Management ... Signaling #Hypocalcemia ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #endocrinology
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) Effect in Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium - Net Effect Hypercalcemia:
   ↑ intestinal
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH ... Calcium - Net Effect Hypercalcemia ... Parathyroid #Hormone #PTH ... Calcium #Phosphorus #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
Hypocalcemia Laboratory Evaluation

Serum levels of PTH, phosphorus, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D can help differentiate between
Hypocalcemia Laboratory ... Serum levels of PTH ... disorders causing hypocalcemia ... kidney disease #Hypocalcemia ... Hyperparathyroidism #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Hypercalcemia - ... Algorithm Elevated PTH ... Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia ... Thiazides/Lithium #Hypercalcemia ... Algorithm #causes #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia Workup and Differential Diagnosis Framework
1) Determine whether PTH-dependent
2) Assess for other hormonal causes
3) Assess for
Hypercalcemia Workup ... Determine whether PTH-dependent ... uw_IMresidency #Hypercalcemia ... Diagnosis #algorithm #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Adenoma
 • Hyperplasia
 • MEN 1 and 2A
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Hypercalcemia - ... Hyperparathyroidism • Hypercalcemia ... Hypocalciuria Hypercalcemia ... Malignancy • PTH-Related ... Paget's Disease #Hypercalcemia
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Low and High PTH
LOW PTH - Hypoparathyroid
 - Congenital (Pediatric)
Hypocalcemia - Differential ... - Low and High PTH ... LOW PTH - Hypoparathyroid ... laxatives) #Hypocalcemia ... #endocrinology
Pathophysiology of Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS)
Tumor Cell Lysis
-> Release of DNA
 • Purines -> Hypoxanthine /
Pathophysiology ... Nephropathy (low urine pH ... ) • Hypocalcemia ... • Hyperkalemia ... Syndrome #TLS #Pathophysiology
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Low and High Phosphate
LOW PHOSPHATE
 - Low/NormaI PTH
Hypocalcemia - Differential ... - Low/NormaI PTH ... Hypomagnesemia - High PTH ... Poisoning #Hypocalcemia ... Algorithm #Phosphate #endocrinology
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasias (MEN syndromes) 

MEN I
• Hyperparathyroidism 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Possible ZE syndrome 
• Various
Hyperparathyroidism • Hypercalcemia ... Various Pituitary path ... Hyperparathyroidism • Hypercalcemia ... #Differential #Endocrinology