14 results
Causes of Thrombocytopenia and Platelet Disorders - Differential Diagnosis and Workup
History:
 - Prior platelet count, family
- History of bleeding ... plateletcount), peripheral blood ... : INR/PT, aPTT(liver ... bypass), LFT (liver ... #Workup #hematology
Blood Transfusion Reactions

Immune Mediated:
 • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
Causes purpura & ... cause of transfusion ... eruptions, diarrhea, liver ... more likely to cause ... diagnosis #management #hematology
TRALI vs TACO - Transfusion Reactions
TRALI:
 • Epidemiology: 0.1% of transfused patientsl
 • Risk factors: Critical
- Transfusion Reactions ... of high parity blood ... without other cause ... #hematology #diagnosis ... #comparison #table
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary
Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
Causes purpura & ... cause of transfusion ... eruptions, diarrhea, liver ... more likely to cause ... diagnosis #management #hematology
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Overview

Increased Clotting and Consumption of Clotting Factors

Findings:
 • Bleeding
 • Recent history
ABO incompatible blood ... protein C and S Pathophysiology ... DIC • Severe Liver ... Treat primary cause ... Coagulation #diagnosis #causes
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
Acute Liver Injury ... Algorithm Vascular Causes ... RBC (hemolysis, bleeding ... intestines, white blood ... diagnosis #algorithm #hepatology
ED Treatment of 
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding 

Hemodynamically unstable 
Resuscitation 
 • ABCs! 
 • Fluids +
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ... • Fluids + blood ... pregnancy related cause ... Hemodynamically stable ... breast cancer, liver
Hypersensitivity Types and Their Mechanisms
Type I - lgE - Soluble antigen
 - Allergen-specific lgE antibodies bind
- Red blood cell ... with mismatched blood ... Classification #Pathophysiology ... Allergy #Diagnosis #Reactions ... #Table
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Kidney stones caused ... roentgenography • Bleeding ... Prevention of blood ... with specific bleeding ... #Medications #Table
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
synthesized in: liver ... deficiency • blood ... collection with EDTA Pathophysiology ... Phosphatase: • Other causes ... Hyophosphatasia #hepatology