48 results
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia:
 • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample!
 • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis ... Alwavs Repeat Blood ... while drawing blood ... #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #high #pathophysiology
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
= funny-shaped cells ... old, ~10,000 new cases ... only curative treatment ... #Management #treatment ... #hematology #oncology
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
skin that are caused ... factor (GCSF) treatments ... marrow studies Treatment ... Myelodysplastic #Syndromes #diagnosis ... #hematology #oncology
Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve 

Left Shift - decreased unloading of O2 at tissue level (i.e.  increased
• stored red blood ... cells - Hb variant ... Dissociation #Curve #Pathophysiology ... #Differential #Causes ... #Diagnosis
Cardiac Tamponade - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Caused by an accumulation of blood, pus, effusion fluid
accumulation of blood ... tube ❹ Rapid diagnosis ... • Diagnostic ... thoracotomy is a better treatment ... Intraoperative #Checklist #Diagnosis
Hypoxia and Hypoxemia - Overview
Hypoxia - insufficient oxygen delivered to tissues to meet demands
Hypoxemia - low
oxygen in the blood ... oxygen in the blood ... CYTOPATHIC HYPOXIA - Cells ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #pathophysiology
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Pathophysiology ... Phagocytosis of blood ... Drugs, Unknown cause ... Treatment: • ... #management #treatment
Eosinophil Disorders Testing Algorithm
INDICATIONS FOR TESTING:
 • Peripheral blood eosinophilia/hypereosinophilia uncovered incidentally during medical evaluation or
• Peripheral blood ... for secondary causes ... eosinophilia (common causes ... glucocorticoid treatment ... #Differential #diagnosis
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
- Differential Diagnosis ... essential for blood ... smooth muscle cells ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Pathophysiology
Intracranial Hemorrhage (ICH) and Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP) - Pathophysiology
ICH Management:
1. Manage Blood Pressure
  •
Pressure (ICP) - Pathophysiology ... lidocaine, +/- pre-treatment ... = dilated BV = raises ... water leaves brain cells ... Pressure #ICP #Pathophysiology