34 results
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
Myelodysplastic ... Syndrome (MD) - ... = funny-shaped cells ... cytopenias (usually anemia ... #oncology
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
blood cell count (anemia ... • Aplastic Anemia ... Megaloblastic Anemia ... Myelophthisic Anemia ... #hematology #oncology
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology Atlas
 • Microcytic - Iron-deficiency anemia, Thalassemia, Sideroblastic anemia, Lead poisoning
Liver diseases, Myelodysplastic ... syndrome, Increased ... • Sickle cells ... Hemolytic uremic syndrome ... #differential #hematology
VEXAS (Vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, Autoinflammatory, Somatic) Syndrome
Clinical Syndrome:
 • Common Clinical Features: alveolitis, ear and
Abnormalities: macrocytic anemia ... multiple myeloma, myelodysplastic ... multiple myeloma or myelodysplastic ... blood myeloid cells ... Autoinflammatory #Somatic #rheumatology
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Constitutional Syndromes ... • Hypocellular myelodysplastic ... syndrome (MDS) ... #oncology #hematology ... #diagnosis #management
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Causes of Anemia ... Dysplastic • Myelodysplastic ... Syndromes Macrocytosis ... , Target Cells, ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Diagnostic Framework for Anemia (Morphological Approach - MCV)
Low MCV - <80fL - "Microcytic"
 • Iron deficiency
Framework for Anemia ... thalassemia • Anemia ... Hypothyroidism, Myelodysplastic ... syndrome - Dr ... diagnosis #causes #hematology
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis
Secondary Thrombocytosis (a.k.a Reactive Thrombocytosis):
 • Acute infection
 • Solid organ
malignancies • Anemia ... vera (PV) • Myelodysplastic ... syndrome • Myelofibrosis ... Diagnosis #Causes #hematology
Blood Disorders - Markers and Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
Acute
 • Myloid (AML) - CD13, CD33, CD34,
Disorders - Myelodysplastic ... Pelger-Huet, Macrocytic anemia ... or λ), Smudge Cells ... Blood #Disorders #hematology
Multiple Myeloma Diagnosis and Management Summary
Clinical Signs:
 • hyperCalcemia 28% (bone demineralization)
 • Renal disease 48%
Diagnosis and Management ... hypercalcemia) • Anemia ... marrow plasma cells ... plus one of: • Anemia ... #oncology